MAB Phase Powders

What are MAB Phase Powders?

MAB phases are an emerging family of layered ternary borides characterized by the general formula M2AlB2 or MAlB, where M represents a transition metal, A is an aluminum or group 13–14 element, and B is boron. In powder form, MAB phases exhibit a nanolaminated crystal structure similar to MAX phases but utilize a boron-based framework that provides exceptional mechanical rigidity and unique electronic configurations. These powders are recognized for their rare ability to bridge the gap between high-strength structural borides and conductive, damage-tolerant ternary compounds.

Key Features

MAB phase powders are distinguished by their superior hardness, high-temperature oxidation resistance, and the formation of protective, self-healing alumina scales. Unlike many traditional ceramics, their layered architecture facilitates energy dissipation through delamination and kinking, resulting in high fracture toughness and machinability. Furthermore, specific compositions within the MAB family exhibit intrinsic ferromagnetic and magnetocaloric properties, offering a functional dimension that extends beyond structural use. As layered precursors, they are also essential for the synthesis of MABenes, the boron-based analogs to 2D MXenes.

Applications

These powders are primarily utilized in extreme-environment engineering, where they serve as high-temperature structural components and oxidation-resistant coatings for aerospace and energy systems. In industrial sectors, their high wear resistance makes them ideal for protective layers in mining and automotive tooling. Due to their unique magnetic profiles, MAB phases are increasingly applied in magnetic refrigeration, smart sensors, and actuators. Additionally, their metallic-like electrical conductivity enables their use in advanced electrochemical catalysis and as foundational materials for the development of two-dimensional MABene nanosheets for next-generation energy storage.