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Recently, characteristics and performance of diesel engines have been improved using nanostructured materials, water and diesel emulsified fuels.Technically, the reduction in the gas exhaust emission in engines involves two different methods. According to first method, exhaust gas emission is reduced via an exhaust gas treatment device such as a diesel particulate filter and a catalytic converter but the problem is their application can greatly affect the performance of diesel engines. Introduct …

Graphite is one of the crystalline forms of carbon.Its occurrence is natural and due to its excellent properties and characteristics it is used hugely in different areas of science and life itself. One of its uses in the making of graphite sheet thermal interface material. Due to the excellent graphite properties, thermal interface material with graphite sheet becomes better in its working and is strengthened through it. This helps in better conduction of all the activities that go around t …

Carbon quantum dots are carbon dots that consist of carbon nanoparticle clusters with various atoms.Being nanoparticles, they have a definite size range that is impossible to be documented without having a look at them through the microscope as the human eye is incapable of conducting this activity. They have excellent properties and characteristics which enable the industries to enhance their products as their applications keep exceeding and the road towards success has become rather a smooth o …

Carbon nanotubes are a nanoscopic configuration of carbon atoms arranged in the form of hexagonal meshes that form a cylindrical structure, similar to a tube. The characteristics of these rolled graphene layer structures vary substantially depending on the orientation of the hexagons that form them about their axis, standing out because they surpass the most known materials in their physical properties. Due to their unique properties, they have a lot of important uses in different fields. T …

Lithium which is chemically and periodically written as Li is one of the most efficient and authentic elements of the periodic table. It has some variant characteristics and properties which allow it to be transformed into different sizes, shapes, and categories. The most basic and renowned use of lithium is in the batteries and battery materials. Lithium provides stability, structure, and enhancement of the working mechanics to everything that it is a part of that is why in current times i …