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The fullerenes are constituted by a network formed by 12 pentagons and 20 hexagons, closing the sphere. Each carbon of a fullerene is sp hybridized in the form of a sigma bond (simple bond) with three other carbon atoms, subtracting one electron from each carbon. The most important property of Fullerenes is its high symmetry. In this one, there are 120 symmetry operations, such as axis rotations or reflections in the plane. This makes the C60 molecule the most symmetrical molecule since it …

Holmium is a metalloid of the lanthanide group and like many other rare earth metals that we have already covered in previous posts, holmium has a characteristic bright silver color. It is a fairly soft and considerably malleable metal. It is stable in dry air and at room temperature, although it easily loses stability when making contact with humidity and very high temperatures. It is believed that as with other similar rare earth metals, holmium micron powder does not have a high degre …

The development of Antibacterial Nanopowder has been approached by different areas of science as a possible solution to a wide variety of pathologies (meningitis, encephalitis, bacteremia and febrile gastroenteritis) associated with bacterial colonization on surfaces of medical devices, hospital garments and even at the level of infrastructure. Although human mortality from nosocomial infections has decreased over the last century, this is a public health problem that requires more attent …

Nanotechnology, apart from its multiple applications, is beginning to be used for the benefit of the arms industry. This raises the possibility of terribly effective and devastating new weapons. Thanks to graphene and nanotechnology, rifles of all kinds can be manufactured. Integrated computers would allow the remote control of any weapon as well as a more compact assisted operation would facilitate better robotics. In addition, these materials would be manufactured with a minimum amount o …

Nanoclay is a component composed of phyllosilicates, which are compounds based on the elements of oxygen, silicon, and other components and are degraded from natural sources and pretreated chemically. After further processing steps, Nanoclay is used in different products. Due to their layered structure, they can swell or shrink as wateraccumulates or is withdrawn between layers. It is possible to increase the volume of nanoclay up to six times by water absorption and form stable gels. Nan …