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The fullerenes are constituted by a network formed by 12 pentagons and 20 hexagons, closing the sphere. Each carbon of a fullerene is sp hybridized in the form of a sigma bond (simple bond) with three other carbon atoms, subtracting one electron from each carbon. The most important property of Fullerenes is its high symmetry. In this one, there are 120 symmetry operations, such as axis rotations or reflections in the plane. This makes the C60 molecule the most symmetrical molecule since it has t …

The development of Antibacterial Nanopowder has been approached by different areas of science as a possible solution to a wide variety of pathologies (meningitis, encephalitis, bacteremia and febrile gastroenteritis) associated with bacterial colonization on surfaces of medical devices, hospital garments and even at the level of infrastructure. Although human mortality from nosocomial infections has decreased over the last century, this is a public health problem that requires more attent …

Nanotechnology, apart from its multiple applications, is beginning to be used for the benefit of the arms industry. This raises the possibility of terribly effective and devastating new weapons. Thanks to graphene and nanotechnology, rifles of all kinds can be manufactured. Integrated computers would allow the remote control of any weapon as well as a more compact assisted operation would facilitate better robotics. In addition, these materials would be manufactured with a minimum amount o …

Nanoclay is a component composed of phyllosilicates, which are compounds based on the elements of oxygen, silicon, and other components and are degraded from natural sources and pretreated chemically. After further processing steps, Nanoclay is used in different products. Due to their layered structure, they can swell or shrink as wateraccumulates or is withdrawn between layers. It is possible to increase the volume of nanoclay up to six times by water absorption and form stable gels. Nan …

Graphene is a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice. This wonder material boasts remarkable properties, including unparalleled strength, electrical conductivity, and flexibility. In construction, graphene's superior qualities are harnessed to enhance building materials like concrete and steel. Its integration increases tensile strength, reduces weight, and offers better corrosion resistance. Moreover, graphene-infused coatings can provide surface …