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Nowadays, oxidation reactions play a substantial role in modern chemistry as well as chemical industry. Around 30% of total production in the chemical industry is carried out by the oxidation process. It means that after polymerization, oxidation is the largest process in the production of chemicals. In the last few decades, transition metal oxides have attracted the research community in great deal due to their diversified applications. Among them, molybdenum oxide has been found to …

Shape memory alloys are metallic materials that can revert to their original shape after a mechanical or thermal effect. Because of their unique ability shape memory alloys are utilized by various different industries.With the rapid technological improvements and resulted demands, material science has gained excellent importance over the years. Constructing novel, intelligent materials attracted the attention of many research groups. Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are one of these smart mater …

Copper is a chemical element having a symbol as Cu and atomic number 29. Pure copper is rather soft, malleable, and has on its surface a fresh dew peach hue. It is a ductile metal with particularly high electrical and thermal conductivity which gives it various uses. It is also used as a building material and is used in the composition of many alloys. Copper and its alloys have been used by man for thousands of years, the oldest traces of copper smelting in wind ovens having been discovere …

Silicon carbide nanoparticles have wide applications in field emission displays and light emitting devices. Moreover, nanoscale silicon carbide is used in designing and manufacturing electro-devices in nanoscale, nanosensors and biological labels. Bulky silicon carbide (SiC) is knownas a refractory agent and semiconductor with excellent thermal, mechanical and chemical behavior. The melting point of this non-oxide ceramic is above 2800 °C, perfectly resistant against corrosion with lo …

Gallium with the atomic number and weight of 31 and 69.7 respectively, is a chemical element belonging to group thirteen of the periodic table along with aluminum, indium and thallium. At the standard temperature and pressure defined by IUPAC (0˚C and 100 kPa), gallium is a soft metal with a slivery blue hue but it seems like a liquid slivery white metal at temperatures over 29˚C. Metallic gallium suffers fracture if too much pressure is applied on it. Even though gallium doesn’t occur as …