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Gallium with the atomic number and weight of 31 and 69.7 respectively, is a chemical element belonging to group thirteen of the periodic table along with aluminum, indium and thallium. At the standard temperature and pressure defined by IUPAC (0˚C and 100 kPa), gallium is a soft metal with a slivery blue hue but it seems like a liquid slivery white metal at temperatures over 29˚C. Metallic gallium suffers fracture if too much pressure is applied on it. Even though gallium doesn’t occur as …

After quite a few years since their discovery, fullerenes are now a well-established subject of research in many areas of chemistry and materials science. Years of studies have made researchers aware of both potentials and limitations of this class of compounds. Fullerene science plays a noticeable role in fields, such as Nanotechnology, Supramolecular Chemistry and Materials Chemistry. One of the most promising territories of investigation includes the modification of the fullerene cage …

Hydrogels are crosslinked polymer networks. The polymer structure of hydrogels exhibits great absorption capacity, swelling and shrinking behavior upon environmental changes and biocompatibility. Through different preparation methods and polymeric components, hydrogels can acquire different responsive behaviors. Hydrogels can be responsive to pH, temperature, solvent composition, enzymes, electric fields, and light.Click Image to Check Hydrogel ApplicationsOver the past decades, science h …

The element Graphene probably means nothing to you. However, it is part of the composition of one of the most common objects that is near you: a pencil. Graphene is a two-dimensional sheet of carbon atoms organized in a honeycomb structure and its stack forms the graphite of our pencil mines. Graphene was discovered in 2004 by two physicists, Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov when it was believed to be physically impossible. Graphene has incredible properties, to the point that it c …

Rechargeable batteries such as Li-ion batteries, Li-S batteries, and Na-ion batteries hold a great place in the development of renewable energy systems. The existent drawbacks of these batteries require novel solutions in order to meet expectations. Graphene is considered to be a promising material for these developments. The high conductivity, high surface areas, and mechanical flexibility of graphene are greatly utilized in rechargeable batteries.The ever increasing energy requirements …